| Sil-AVI-ST | imidazolammonium ionic liquid, stearyl mercaptoacetate, polar ligand | alkyl | imidazole cationic substituent | sulfonamides, vitamins and nucleosides/bases, hydrophobic phthalates, bisphenols, alkylphenols and steroid hormones | [21] |
| PEI/Zein@SiO2 | PEI, Zein, SiO2 | Zein | -NH2, -COOH | nucleotides, bases, antibiotics, lavonoids | [25] |
| RCC3-C10@silica | RCC3 molecular cage, alkyl functional group | alkyl | -NH2, -OH | alkylbenzene, polyphenylene, phenolic, amino, sulfonamide, nucleoside, flavonoid | [27] |
| RCC3-GLD@silica | epoxy propanol, RCC3-R molecular cage | hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, benzene ring | epoxy propanol group | alkylbenzene, phenols, amines, sulfonamides, nucleosides, amino acids, sugars | [28] |
| RCC3-CN@SiO2 | RCC3-R molecular cage, -CN | hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain | -CN | alkylbenzene, aromatic, phenolic, amine, sulfonamide, nucleoside, amino acid, carbohydrate | [29] |
| 2D Cu-BDC/IL@silica | 2D MOFs, ILs | benzene ring | -COOH, ILs | alkaloids, sulfonamides and antibiotics | [30] |
| d-MOF-919/cys@silica | MOF-919, L-Cys | hydrophobic alkyl chain | -OH, -COOH, -SH, -NH2 | PAHs, BUs, 10 carbohydrates, 8 sulfonamide drugs, 8 nucleoside/base mixtures | [31] |
| d-MOF-818/PAM@silica | MOF-818, PAM | hydrophobic alkyl chain | -OH, -CONH | 9 nucleosides and bases, 8 alkaloids, 6 antibiotics, 5 alkylbenzenes | [32] |
| TAPT-TP-COF@SiO2 | TAPT, TP | hydrophobic alkyl chain | -OH, -NH2, -CHO | linear alkylbenzene, phthalates, nucleosides, sulfonamides and vitamins | [33] |
| PAA/COF@SiO2 | PAA, COFs | hydrophobic alkyl chain | -OH, -NH2, -CHO | aromatic ketone, alkylphenol、phthalate esters, PAHs, nucleoside compounds, alkylbenzene compounds | [34] |
| COF-TpPa-1@SiO2 | Tp, Pa-1, SiO2 | benzene ring | -OH | non polar alkylbenzene homologues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polar amines, phenols | [35] |
| Sil-P-DESCDs | P-DESCDs, (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane | alkyl | -COOH, -OH, -NH2 | alkylbenzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfonamides, aromatic amines, nucleoside bases, and alkaloids | [36] |
| CQDs/SiO2 | CQDs, 1,8-diaminooctane | alkyl | -COOH, -OH, -NH2 | 14 nucleosides and bases | [38] |
| MON-2COOH@SiO2 | MON, -COOH, SiO2 | benzene ring | -COOH | sulfonamide drugs, deoxyribonucleosides, alkaloids and endocrine disrupting chemicals | [39] |
| MON-2COOH@SiO2-MER | MON, -COOH, SiO2, MER | benzene ring, alkynyl group | -COOH | hydrophobic and hydrophilic probes, sulfonamide drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | [40] |
| Sil-C18-IL-C4 | C18 | C18 | imidazole, ILs | nucleoside based compounds, probe molecules | [41] |
Sil-amide-C11 Sil-C12-amide | amide and hydrocarbon chain groups, 3-aminopropyl | hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain | -CONH | alkylbenzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | [51] |
| SiO2@COPBn-glu | COP, SiO2 | benzene ring, alkyl | -COOH | hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds | [52] |