色谱 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 17-29.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.04007

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞印迹技术在生物医学领域的应用进展

赵鑫淼1,2, 张志远2,3, 孙文静2,3,*(), 卿光焱2,*()   

  1. 1.辽宁师范大学化学化工学院,辽宁 大连 116029
    2.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,辽宁 大连 116023
    3.江南大学生命科学与健康工程学院,江苏 无锡 214122
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2026-01-08 发布日期:2026-01-14
  • 通讯作者: * Tel:0411-84379050,E-mail:sunwj@dicp.ac.cn(孙文静);Tel:0411-84379050,E-mail:qinggy@dicp.ac.cn(卿光焱).
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3400800);国家自然科学基金(21922411);国家自然科学基金(22174138);中国科学院大连化学物理研究所创新基金(I202243);中国科学院大连化学物理研究所创新基金(I202229);大连市杰出青年科技人才项目(2020RJ01)

Advances in application of cell imprinting technology in biomedical field

ZHAO Xinmiao1,2, ZHANG Zhiyuan2,3, SUN Wenjing2,3,*(), QING Guangyan2,*()   

  1. 1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China
    2.Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 116023,China
    3.School of Life Science and Health Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China
  • Received:2025-04-07 Online:2026-01-08 Published:2026-01-14
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3400800);National Natural Science Foundation of China(21922411);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22174138);DICP Innovation Funding(I202243);DICP Innovation Funding(I202229);Dalian Outstanding Young Scientific Talent(2020RJ01)

摘要:

细胞印迹技术作为实现细胞特异性识别领域的关键技术,依靠其对细胞表面抗原、受体等生物标志物的精准识别能力,已成为现代生物医学研究的重要基石。该技术不仅广泛应用于疾病标志物检测、细胞功能与行为机制研究等基础领域,更在稀有细胞分离、靶向药物开发等前沿应用中发挥着关键作用,持续推动着生命科学研究的创新发展。虽然该技术已取得显著进展,但仍面临着若干亟待解决的问题,具体包括:印迹工艺的优化(提升抗干扰性和保真性)及适配复杂生物环境新方法的开发。针对这些问题,研究人员通过创新材料设计与工艺优化,近期在多个领域取得了突破性进展:首先,在稀有细胞捕获方面,该技术显著提升了复杂样本中关键稀有细胞的分离效率,为癌症早期诊断和血液病研究提供了高效的解决方案;其次,在细胞培养领域,其独特的印迹表面可精确调控细胞黏附蛋白表达,优化体外培养微环境;最后,在生物传感领域,基于该技术开发的传感器展现出卓越的灵敏度和特异性,为疾病监测开辟了新途径。本文系统梳理了细胞印迹技术的研究现状与发展动态,深入剖析了其技术瓶颈与突破方向,旨在为相关研究提供全面的理论参考,进一步促进该技术在生物医学领域的创新应用与跨越式发展。

关键词: 细胞印迹, 细胞捕获, 细胞识别与分选, 细胞培养, 生物传感器

Abstract:

Cell imprinting technology, as a key technique in the field of cell-specific recognition, has become an important cornerstone of modern biomedical research. It relies on its precise recognition capability for biomarkers such as cell surface antigens and receptors. This technology is not only widely applied in basic fields, including disease marker detection and research on cell function and behavioral mechanisms, but also plays a crucial role in frontier applications like rare cell isolation and targeted drug development. It continuously promotes the innovative development of life science research. Although significant progress has been made in this technology, it still faces several urgent challenges. These specifically include optimization of the imprinting process (to enhance anti-interference ability and fidelity) and development of new methods adapted to complex biological environments. In response to these issues, researchers have achieved breakthrough progress in multiple fields through innovative material design and process optimization recently. First, in rare cell capture, this technology has significantly improved the separation efficiency of key rare cells in complex samples, providing an efficient solution for early cancer diagnosis and blood disease research. Second, in the field of cell culture, its unique imprinted surface can precisely regulate the expression of cell adhesion proteins to optimize the in vitro culture microenvironment. Finally, in biosensing, sensors developed based on this technology have demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity, opening up new avenues for disease monitoring. This paper systematically reviews the research status and development trends of cell imprinting technology, deeply analyzes its technical bottlenecks and breakthrough directions. The aim is to provide a comprehensive theoretical reference for related research and further promote the innovative application and leapfrog development of this technology in the biomedical field.

Key words: cell imprinting, cell capture, cell recognition and sorting, cell culture, biosensor

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