色谱 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 486-495.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.10029

• 教学研究 • 上一篇    

基于琼脂糖凝胶电泳的二进制加密综合实验

段金伟1,2,*(), 马蕾1, 赵倩2, 仵倩倩2, 辛博宇3, 杨佳桦3, 李垚4, 王其召5,*()   

  1. 1.长安大学理学院,陕西 西安 710064
    2.陕西维世诺生物科技有限公司,陕西 西安 710304
    3.长安大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710064
    4.长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西 西安 710054
    5.长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-31 出版日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: * Tel:029-82334820,E-mail:duanjw@chd.edu.cn(段金伟);
    Tel:029-82339952,E-mail:qzwang@chd.edu.cn(王其召).
  • 基金资助:
    长安大学2025年度本科教育教学改革研究项目(BZ202541);中国交通教育研究会2024-2026年度教育科学研究课题(JT2024YB439);2024年长安大学研究生教育教学改革项目(300103140066);2024年长安大学研究生教育教学改革项目(300103111201);2024年教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230718473307303)

Binary encryption comprehensive experiment based on agarose gel electrophoresis

DUAN Jinwei1,2,*(), MA Lei1, ZHAO Qian2, WU Qianqian2, XIN Boyu3, YANG Jiahua3, LI Yao4, WANG Qizhao5,*()   

  1. 1. College of Sciences,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China
    2. Shaanxi Weishinuo Biotechnology Co. Ltd. ,Xi’an 710304,China
    3. School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China
    4. School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China
    5. School of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China
  • Received:2025-10-31 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2026-04-13
  • Supported by:
    Chang’an University 2025 Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project(BZ202541);China Transportation Education and Research Association 2024-2026 Educational Science Research Project(JT2024YB439);2024 Chang’an University Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project(300103140066);2024 Chang’an University Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project(300103111201);2024 Ministry of Education Industry-Academy Cooperation Collaborative Education Program(230718473307303)

摘要:

本实验基于一个4位(4-bit)脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)纳米开关,通过特定DNA单链触发“线性-环状”构象转换,利用二者在凝胶电泳中的迁移差异实现数字的二进制编码。当不同构象开关组合时,这些组合可表示不同信息。本实验受有机化学“保护-脱保护”策略启发,引入核糖核酸(RNA)保护链以阻止环状结构形成,构建了信息加密系统。该系统利用核糖核酸酶A特异性酶切脱保护,恢复信息读取,构建了RNA调控的加密系统。本实验通过整合DNA纳米技术、二进制编码与化学保护策略,使琼脂糖凝胶电泳贯穿整个实验,实现了从分子构建到信息读写的全程可视化。这不仅使学生掌握了凝胶电泳操作,深化了对电泳分离机制与分子构效关系的理解,而且通过接触分子信息编码、DNA纳米技术等前沿领域,有效激发了学生的创新思维与跨学科问题的解决能力。

关键词: 脱氧核糖核酸纳米开关, 琼脂糖凝胶电泳, 核糖核酸调控保护, 核糖核酸酶A, 信息加密与解密

Abstract:

This experiment is based on a 4-bit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanoswitch, in which specific DNA single strands trigger a “linear-to-circular” conformational transition. By leveraging the migration differences between the two conformations in gel electrophoresis, digital binary encoding is achieved. Different combinations of conformational switches can represent distinct information. Inspired by the “protection-deprotection” strategy in organic chemistry, an ribonucleic acid (RNA) protection strand is introduced to prevent the formation of the circular structure, thereby establishing an information encryption system. The system utilizes ribonuclease A (RNase A) for specific enzymatic cleavage to remove the protection, restoring information readout and establishing an RNA-regulated encryption system. By integrating DNA nanotechnology, binary encoding, and chemical protection strategies, agarose gel electrophoresis is applied throughout the entire experimental process, enabling full visualization from molecular construction to information read-write. This approach not only helps students master gel electrophoresis techniques and deepen their understanding of electrophoretic separation mechanisms and structure-activity relationships at the molecular level, but also exposes them to cutting‑edge fields such as molecular information encoding and DNA nanotechnology, effectively stimulating innovative thinking and interdisciplinary problem-solving skills.

Key words: deoxyribonucleic acid nanoswitch (DNA nanoswitch), agarose gel electrophoresis, ribonucleic acid-regulated protection, ribonuclease A, information encryption and decryption

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