融合液相色谱-串联质谱技术与室间质量评价的临床检验专业本科毕业设计教学实践

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.06030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探索液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）技术在检验专业本科生毕业设计教学中的应用与教学创新。以25-羟基维生素D₂（25（OH）D₂）和25-羟基维生素D₃（25（OH）D₃）室间质量评价（EQA）样本的研制为教学载体，构建了以科研任务和临床工作为驱动的实验教学模式。教学设计涵盖样品制备、仪器操作、数据处理与结果评价等完整环节，使学生在实践中掌握LC-MS/MS检测的核心技术流程与质量控制方法。通过实验项目的实施，学生参与了EQA样本的制备、参考方法定值、均匀性与稳定性评价及EQA成绩的分析，全面体验了从实验设计到结果评价的过程。研究结果表明，所制备EQA样本具有良好的均匀性与稳定性，满足中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）质量标准要求。在“2024年北京市血清维生素D检测”EQA活动中，北京地区共有16家医疗机构实验室参加。教学实践显示，该项目有效提升了学生在实验设计、仪器操作、数据分析及质量评价等方面的综合能力，增强了科研思维与团队协作意识。基于“以研促教、产教融合”的教学理念，将高端分析技术引入本科教学体系，不仅优化了实验课程内容与教学环节，也拓展了学生在临床检验与科研工作中的应用视野。本研究为检验专业本科生的实践教学提供了可借鉴的教学范式，对推动先进分析技术在医学检验教育中的推广与应用具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 液相色谱-串联质谱, 25-羟基维生素D₂, 25-羟基维生素D₃, 室间质量评价, 临床检验, 教学创新

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the application and pedagogical innovation of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） in undergraduate thesis training for medical laboratory science students. Using the development of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₂ （25（OH）D₂） and 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ （25（OH）D₃） external quality assessment （EQA） samples as a teaching platform， an experimental teaching model driven by research tasks and clinical practice was established. The teaching design encompassed the entire workflow， including sample preparation， instrument operation， data processing， and result evaluation， enabling students to acquire hands-on experience with core LC-MS/MS techniques and quality control procedures. Through the implementation of the experimental project， students participated in EQA sample preparation， reference method-based quantification， homogeneity and stability assessments， and EQA result analysis， thereby gaining comprehensive exposure to the process from experimental design to result interpretation. The results demonstrated that the prepared EQA samples exhibited satisfactory homogeneity and stability， meeting the quality standards established by the China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment （CNAS）. In the “2024 Beijing Serum Vitamin D EQA” activity， a total of 16 medical laboratory institutions in Beijing participated. Teaching practice revealed that this project significantly enhanced students’ comprehensive abilities in experimental design， instrument operation， data analysis， and quality assessment， while also fostering scientific thinking and teamwork. By introducing advanced analytical techniques into the undergraduate curriculum under the educational concept of “research-driven teaching and integration of industry and education”， this approach not only optimized course content and experimental procedures but also broadened students’ practical perspectives in clinical laboratory and research applications. This study provides a replicable teaching model for undergraduate laboratory education and offers valuable insights for promoting the integration of advanced analytical technologies into medical laboratory science training.

Key words: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS）, 25-hydroxyvitamin D₂（25（OH）D₂）, 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃（25（OH）D₃）, external quality assessment （EQA）, clinical laboratory science, teaching innovation

中图分类号:

O658

石洁, 王默, 薛桥臻, 张顺利, 胡炎伟. 融合液相色谱-串联质谱技术与室间质量评价的临床检验专业本科毕业设计教学实践[J]. 色谱, 2026, 44(3): 363-370.

SHI Jie, WANG Mo, XUE Qiaozhen, ZHANG Shunli, HU Yanwei. Teaching practice of undergraduate graduation projects in clinical laboratory science integrating liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and external quality assessment[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2026, 44(3): 363-370.

图/表 4

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Batch No.	Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Sum of squares	Mean square	F
202411	between the samples	9	0.518	0.058	1.78
202411	within the sample	10	0.323	0.032	1.78
202412	between the samples	9	24.875	2.764	1.90
202412	within the sample	10	14.475	1.448	1.90

Batch No.	Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Sum of squares	Mean square	F
202411	between the samples	9	0.518	0.058	1.78
202411	within the sample	10	0.323	0.032	1.78
202412	between the samples	9	24.875	2.764	1.90
202412	within the sample	10	14.475	1.448	1.90

Batch No.	Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Sum of squares	Mean square	F
202411	between the samples	9	5.769	0.641	2.46
202411	within the sample	10	2.609	0.261	2.46
202412	between the samples	9	113.025	12.558	1.08
202412	within the sample	10	116.374	11.637	1.08

Batch No.	Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Sum of squares	Mean square	F
202411	between the samples	9	5.769	0.641	2.46
202411	within the sample	10	2.609	0.261	2.46
202412	between the samples	9	113.025	12.558	1.08
202412	within the sample	10	116.374	11.637	1.08

Project name	Batch No.	Target value/（nmol/L）	Acceptable lower limit/（nmol/L）	Acceptable upper limit/（nmol/L）
25（OH）D₂	202411	21.30	15.98	26.63
	202412	10.30	7.73	12.88
	202413	6.42	4.82	8.03
25（OH）D₃	202411	17.05	12.79	21.31
	202412	63.00	47.25	78.75
	202413	15.11	11.33	18.89
Total 25（OH）D	202411	38.35	28.76	47.94
	202412	73.30	54.98	91.63
	202413	21.53	16.15	26.91