色谱 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 1025-1033.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.02010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人尿及灰尘中N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N′-苯基-对苯二胺-醌

卢祝靓子, 邓芬芳, 白志军, 彭荣飞, 谭磊()   

  1. 广州市疾病预防控制中心,广州医科大学公共卫生研究院,广东 广州 510440
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2025-09-08 发布日期:2025-09-04
  • 通讯作者: *Tel:(020)36052333,E-mail:jsutanlei@126.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82273682);广州市卫生健康科技项目(20241A010053);广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2025-2027-12)

Determination of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone in urine and dust by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

LU Zhuliangzi, DENG Fenfang, BAI Zhijun, PENG Rongfei, TAN Lei()   

  1. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Institute of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510440,China
  • Received:2025-02-24 Online:2025-09-08 Published:2025-09-04
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273682);Guangzhou Health Science and Technology Project(20241A010053);Key Project of Medicine Discipline of Guangzhou(2025-2027-12)

摘要:

为有效监测N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N′-苯基-对苯二胺-醌(6PPD-Q)在人群中内外暴露水平,建立了人体尿液及灰尘中6PPD-Q的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。通过系统优化前处理过程及色谱、质谱分析条件,确定了尿液及灰尘样品中6PPD-Q的最佳检测条件。具体方法如下:尿液样本中加入0.1 ng内标13C6-6PPD-Q平衡30 min后,加入谷胱甘肽和NaCl,经乙酸乙酯超声萃取两次;灰尘样本中加入1.0 ng内标13C6-6PPD-Q,经正己烷超声萃取两次。所得萃取溶剂合并,浓缩至近干,复溶后用于进样分析。采用含0.01%甲酸的10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,Phenomenex Kinetex F5(100 mm×3 mm, 2.6 μm)作为色谱分析柱,在正离子电喷雾(ESI+)多反应监测(MRM)模式下检测,内标法定量。在优化的实验条件下,6PPD-Q在0.01~4.00 μg/L(尿液)和0.01~20.0 μg/L(灰尘)范围内具有良好的线性,相关系数分别为0.999 9和0.999 3,检出限分别为0.6 ng/L(尿液)和0.018 ng/g(灰尘)。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,6PPD-Q的加标回收率为90.3%~94.1%,日内精密度为0.9%~5.9%,日间精密度为1.1%~6.3%。基质效应评估结果表明,采用同位素标记内标校正法可有效减少尿液及灰尘基质中6PPD-Q定量分析时的基质干扰。将该方法应用于120份人群尿液样本的分析,尿液样本中6PPD-Q的检出率为74.2%,检出范围为<LOD~13 ng/L,平均值为2 ng/L,中位值为1 ng/L。31份室内灰尘样本中6PPD-Q均有检出,检出范围为1.8~24.9 ng/g,平均含量为5.23 ng/g,中位含量为3.05 ng/g。本方法准确、可靠,且灵敏度高,适用于人体尿液及灰尘中6PPD-Q的检测。

关键词: 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法, N-(1, 3-二甲基丁基)-N′-苯基-对苯二胺-醌, 尿液, 灰尘

Abstract:

An ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established to determine N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q) in human urine and dust in order to understand the internal and external exposure levels in humans. The sample preparation conditions were systematically investigated and the chromatographic conditions and MS parameters were optimized. Briefly, internal standard 13C6-6PPD-Q (0.1 ng) was added to a urine sample. Glutathione and NaCl were added after equilibration for 30 min. The mixture was then twice ultrasonically extracted with ethyl acetate. Internal standard 13C6-6PPD-Q (1.0 ng) was also added to a dust sample and the mixture was twice ultrasonically extracted with n-hexane. The combined organic phases were concentrated to near-dryness and then redissolved for instrumental determination, which was performed on a Phenomenex Kinetex F5 column (100 mm×3 mm, 2.6 μm), with the target analyte gradient eluted using 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution containing 0.01% formic acid and acetonitrile. Positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes were used for identification purposes, and an isotope-labeled internal standard was added for quantification. Good linearities were achieved under the optimized conditions within the 0.01–4.00 and 0.01–20.0 μg/L ranges for urine and dust, respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.999 9 and 0.999 3, respectively. Limits of detection (LODs) were 0.6 ng/L (urine) and 0.018 ng/g (dust). Spiked recoveries of 6PPD-Q were 90.3%–94.1% at low, medium, and high spiked levels, with intra-day and inter-day precisions of 0.9%–5.9% and 1.1%–6.3%, respectively. Matrix-effect investigations revealed that 6PPD-Q exhibited weak matrix effects in urine and dust after correction with the isotopic internal standard. The developed method was used to analyze 120 human urine samples, which led to a 6PPD-Q detection frequency of 74.2%, with mass concentrations ranging from <LOD to 13 ng/L, with average and median mass concentrations of 2 and 1 ng/L, respectively. However, 6PPD-Q was detected with a frequency of 100% in 31 indoor dust samples with contents of 1.8–24.9 ng/g, and average and median contents of 5.23 –3.05 ng/g, respectively. The developed method is accurate, reliable, highly sensitive, and it is suitable for the rapid determination of 6PPD-Q in human urine and dust samples.

Key words: ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), N-(1, 3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q), urine, dust

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