Chinese Journal of Chromatography ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 499-514.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.10003
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YANG Yuanchao1, XIAO Renfang1, WU Yangtao2, BAI Li2, WANG Xingya1, ZHAI Jingbo1,2,3,4,*(
)
Received:2025-10-06
Online:2026-05-08
Published:2026-05-07
Supported by:CLC Number:
YANG Yuanchao, XIAO Renfang, WU Yangtao, BAI Li, WANG Xingya, ZHAI Jingbo. Polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic aptasensor: opening a new era of biomarker point-of-care testing[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2026, 44(5): 499-514.
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URL: https://www.chrom-china.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.10003
Fig. 4 Differences between hydrophilic and hydrophobic PDMS microfluidic chipsa. The chip modified with PEG hydrophilic can directly use the siphon effect to drive the fluid flow in the channel. b. The chip without hydrophilic modification needs to use the pumping effect to drive the fluid flow in the channel.
Fig. 7 PDMS surface pretreatment methoda. surface oxygen plasma ablation method; b. piranha solution chemical etching method; c. silanization reagent 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APTES) modification method.
Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of covalent and non-covalent fixationa. arboxyl-modified aptamers are activated via 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) or N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS), upon contacting PDMS, their carboxyl groups form amide bonds with amino groups on the PDMS surface, establishing stable attachment. b. Malonamide or AuNPs mediate carboxyl-modified aptamers to bind with amino groups on PDMS surfaces, forming -S-S- bonds or Au-S bonds. c. After plasma treatment, PDMS surfaces acquire negative charges that attract positively charged aptamers through electrostatic adsorption, securing them onto the surface. d. PDMS surfaces are pre-modified with streptavidin (SA), which binds to biotin in biotin-modified aptamer (Biotin-Apt) via specific biotin-helix-ligand interactions, achieving aptamer immobilization.
| Detection method | Strategies of specificity | Targets | Aptamer modifications | Linear range | LOD | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorimetric | visual inspection or quantitative analysis by scanner | thrombin | AgNPs | 20-5000 pmol/L | 20 pmol/L | [ |
| Fluorescence | measured using a cell imaging microplate detection system | NEV released miR | / | 105-109 EVs/mL | miR-223-3p: 0.61 fmol/L; miR-425-5p: 0.24 fmol/L | [ |
| collecting fluorescence signals for quantitative analysis | S.A, S.T, V.P | AuNPs | S.A and S.T: 102-108 CFU/mL;V.P: 101-108 CFU/mL | S.A: 36 CFU/mL; S.T: 39 CFU/mL, V.P: 7 CFU/mL | [ | |
| Chemi-luminescence | biotin-labeled hairpin probes enable HCR amplification and detection | miR-21, miR-155 | / | 1 fmol/L-10 pmol/L | miR-21: 0.39 fmol/L; miR-155: 0.49 fmol/L | [ |
| Raman scattering | rectangular detection zone via magnetic aggregation concentration detection | AFP, MnSOD | 4-MBA, DTNB | 10-12-10-6 g/mL | AFP: 5.89 pg/mL; MnSOD: 6.23 pg/mL | [ |
| SHM promotes hybridization, enabling signal readout via nanoprobes | prostate cancer cell exosomes | AuNPs | 1-105 particles/μL | 1 particle/μL | [ | |
| target binding to the aptamer replaced FAM, resulting in signal attenuation | urea and UA | 5′-FAM | / | / | [ | |
| Electro-chemistry | target binding to the aptamer impedes electron transfer | C. parvum oocysts | / | 10-10000 oocysts/mL | 10 oocysts/mL | [ |
| differential pulse voltammetry | cortisol hormone | / | 1 pmol/L-1 μmol/L | 0.2 pmol/L | [ | |
| Dual-modal | photoelectrochemistry and fluorescence | NSCLC cells NCI-H460, NCI-H1650 | AuNPs | NCI-H460: 50-1×106 cells/mL; NCI-H1650: 50-5×105 cells/mL | NCI-H460: 16 cells/mL; NCI-H1650: 15 cells/mL | [ |
| near-infrared photoelectrochemical and fluorescence imaging with supplementary SHM | liver cancer CTCs cells HepG2 and Hep3B | AuNPs | 100-5×106 cells/mL | HepG2: 8 cells/mL; Hep3B: 6 cells/mL | [ |
Table 1 Performance indexes of biomarker aptasensor based on PDMS microfluidic chip
| Detection method | Strategies of specificity | Targets | Aptamer modifications | Linear range | LOD | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorimetric | visual inspection or quantitative analysis by scanner | thrombin | AgNPs | 20-5000 pmol/L | 20 pmol/L | [ |
| Fluorescence | measured using a cell imaging microplate detection system | NEV released miR | / | 105-109 EVs/mL | miR-223-3p: 0.61 fmol/L; miR-425-5p: 0.24 fmol/L | [ |
| collecting fluorescence signals for quantitative analysis | S.A, S.T, V.P | AuNPs | S.A and S.T: 102-108 CFU/mL;V.P: 101-108 CFU/mL | S.A: 36 CFU/mL; S.T: 39 CFU/mL, V.P: 7 CFU/mL | [ | |
| Chemi-luminescence | biotin-labeled hairpin probes enable HCR amplification and detection | miR-21, miR-155 | / | 1 fmol/L-10 pmol/L | miR-21: 0.39 fmol/L; miR-155: 0.49 fmol/L | [ |
| Raman scattering | rectangular detection zone via magnetic aggregation concentration detection | AFP, MnSOD | 4-MBA, DTNB | 10-12-10-6 g/mL | AFP: 5.89 pg/mL; MnSOD: 6.23 pg/mL | [ |
| SHM promotes hybridization, enabling signal readout via nanoprobes | prostate cancer cell exosomes | AuNPs | 1-105 particles/μL | 1 particle/μL | [ | |
| target binding to the aptamer replaced FAM, resulting in signal attenuation | urea and UA | 5′-FAM | / | / | [ | |
| Electro-chemistry | target binding to the aptamer impedes electron transfer | C. parvum oocysts | / | 10-10000 oocysts/mL | 10 oocysts/mL | [ |
| differential pulse voltammetry | cortisol hormone | / | 1 pmol/L-1 μmol/L | 0.2 pmol/L | [ | |
| Dual-modal | photoelectrochemistry and fluorescence | NSCLC cells NCI-H460, NCI-H1650 | AuNPs | NCI-H460: 50-1×106 cells/mL; NCI-H1650: 50-5×105 cells/mL | NCI-H460: 16 cells/mL; NCI-H1650: 15 cells/mL | [ |
| near-infrared photoelectrochemical and fluorescence imaging with supplementary SHM | liver cancer CTCs cells HepG2 and Hep3B | AuNPs | 100-5×106 cells/mL | HepG2: 8 cells/mL; Hep3B: 6 cells/mL | [ |
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