色谱 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 499-514.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2025.10003

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚二甲基硅氧烷微流控适配体传感器:开启生物标志物即时检验新时代

杨元超1, 肖人方1, 吴洋涛2, 白丽2, 王兴亚1, 翟景波1,2,3,4,*()   

  1. 1.内蒙古民族大学基础医学院,内蒙古 通辽 028000
    2.内蒙古民族大学蒙医药学院,内蒙古 通辽 028000
    3.人兽共患病防控自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古 通辽 028000
    4.内蒙古自治区 布鲁氏菌病防治工程技术研究中心,内蒙古 通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-06 出版日期:2026-05-08 发布日期:2026-05-07
  • 通讯作者: 翟景波 Tel:0475-8314234,E-mail:jbzhai@imun.edu.cn.
  • 作者简介:#共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2025YFSH0054);2024中央支持地方高校科研平台项目——人兽共患病防控自治区高等学校重点实验室项目;内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目——布病防治工程技术研究中心科研创新平台能力建设项目(NMDZK24002);新时代“科尔沁英才”工程创新团队项目(KEQYC20240202);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项项目(2019ZD006);内蒙古自治区研究生教育教学改革项目(JG2024045C)

Polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic aptasensor: opening a new era of biomarker point-of-care testing

YANG Yuanchao1, XIAO Renfang1, WU Yangtao2, BAI Li2, WANG Xingya1, ZHAI Jingbo1,2,3,4,*()   

  1. 1. School of Basic Medical Sciences,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,China
    2. Mongolia Medical College,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,China
    3. Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Tongliao 028000,China
    4. Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Tongliao 028000,China
  • Received:2025-10-06 Online:2026-05-08 Published:2026-05-07
  • Supported by:
    Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2025YFSH0054);2024 Local Universities’ Scientific Research Platform Project Supported by Central Government—Key Laboratory Project for Higher Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region;Basic Scientific Research Project for Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region—Capacity Building Project of Scientific Research and Innovation Platform of Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center(NMDZK24002);New Era “Horqin Talent” Project Innovative Team Project(KEQYC20240202);Major Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia of China(2019ZD006);Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(JG2024045C)

摘要:

在微流控芯片合成材料中,聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为一种聚合物材料,因制造工艺简便、透明度高、化学稳定性好及具有生物相容性等特性,已成为构建微流控芯片的首选材料。将适配体作为特异性生物受体整合于PDMS微流控芯片构建的生物传感器,即PDMS微流控适配体传感器,其核心优势在于融合了适配体这一独特的生物识别元件与微流控技术。微流控技术可将生物分子间的相互作用转化为便于处理和报告的可读信号,从而提供具备高特异性与高灵敏度的传感手段,极大地推动了生物标志物即时检验(POCT)的发展,可广泛应用于癌症筛查、病原体检测等,实现了检测的快速性、准确性与便携性。PDMS微流控适配体传感器的特点为成本低、消耗少、耗时短、可抛弃等,在POCT领域可有效减少样品和试剂的消耗并缩短检测时间。同时,通过优化微流控芯片微通道设计、适配体固定化方法以及信号放大策略等可进一步提升PDMS微流控适配体传感器的性能,拓宽其检测范围。本文对微流控技术的定义与发展、PDMS材料及制备工艺在微流控芯片制造中的应用研究及PDMS微流控适配体传感器的开发等进行了详细阐述,同时列举了光学、电化学和基于双重检测模式的双模态PDMS微流控适配体传感器在生物标志物POCT领域的应用,为未来新型微流控适配体传感器的开发及应用提供了理论支持。

关键词: 微流控芯片, 适配体传感器, 聚二甲基硅氧烷, 即时检验, 生物标志物

Abstract:

Microfluidic technology, an emerging micro-nano technology, facilitates the precise manipulation of trace liquids via diverse microstructures. It is distinguished by its miniaturization and cost-effectiveness. Among the synthetic materials employed for microfluidic chips, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a polymer material, has emerged as the optimal choice for fabricating microfluidic chips. This preference stems from its straightforward manufacturing process, high transparency, outstanding chemical stability, and biocompatibility. Biosensors developed by integrating aptamers, which serve as specific biological receptors, into PDMS microfluidic chips are termed PDMS microfluidic aptasensors. These aptasensors capitalize on the distinctive advantages of aptamers as biological recognition elements in conjunction with microfluidic technology. Microfluidic technology transforms the interactions between biomolecules into readable signals that are readily processed and reported, thereby offering sensing methods characterized by high specificity and sensitivity. This advancement significantly propels the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) for biomarkers, enabling extensive applications in areas such as cancer screening and pathogen detection, and achieving rapid, accurate, and portable testing. The attributes of PDMS microfluidic aptasensors encompass low cost, minimal consumption, short processing time, and disposability. These features effectively curtail the consumption of samples and reagents and shorten the testing duration in the POCT realm. Moreover, optimizing microchannel designs, aptamer immobilization methods, and signal amplification strategies can further enhance the performance of PDMS microfluidic aptasensors and expand their detection range. This paper elaborately expounds on the definition and development of microfluidic technology, the application research of PDMS materials and their preparation processes in microfluidic chip manufacturing, as well as the development and processing of PDMS microfluidic aptasensors. It also enumerates the applications of optical, electrochemical, and dual-mode PDMS microfluidic aptasensors based on dual detection modes in the field of biomarker POCT, thus providing theoretical support for the future development and application of novel microfluidic aptasensors.

Key words: microfluidic chip, aptasensor, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), point-of-care testing (POCT), biomarker

中图分类号: