Simultaneous analysis of 14 short- and long-chain perfluorinated compounds in water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using solid phase extraction

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2014.05024

Abstract

Abstract:

A solid phase extraction (SPE)-ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous analysis of the 14 short- and long-chain perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in water. Water sample was concentrated and purified through WAX mixed-mode SPE cartridges. The separation of PFCs was performed on a BEH C18 column with gradient elution using methanol-5 mmol/L ammonium acetate as mobile phases. The PFCs were quantified by internal standard method in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curves of the 14 PFCs were linear in the range of 0.1-50 μg/L with the correlation coefficients > 0.99. The limits of detection (S/N=3) and quantitation (S/N=10) of the method were 0.09-1.15 ng/L and 0.29-3.85 ng/L, respectively. The average recoveries of eight PFCs at three spiked levels of 2, 10 and 20 ng/L were 85.0%, 120.2% and 117.4%, with the relative standard deviations of 9.2%, 9.0% and 6.6%, respectively. The recoveries of the rest six PFCs were low due to unavoidable strong adsorption on the bottle/tube walls during sample pretreatment. The method was applied in the determination of PFCs in real samples of a lake in South China. Four short-chain and five long-chain PFCs were detected with mass concentrations of 41.29-49.05 ng/L and 98.43-111.02 ng/L, respectively. The results show that the method is suitable for the simultaneous analysis of short- and long-chain perfluorinated compounds in environmental water.

Key words: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), perfluorinated compounds, solid phase extraction, water

CLC Number:

O658

WANG Chao, LÜ Yibing, CHEN Haijun, TAN Li, TENG Enjiang. Simultaneous analysis of 14 short- and long-chain perfluorinated compounds in water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using solid phase extraction[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2014, 32(9): 919-925.

References

[1] Wang T, Wang Y W, Liao C Y, et al. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43: 5171
[2] Lindstrom A B, Strynar M J, Libelo E L. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45: 7954
[3] Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee. Technical Paper on the Identification and Assessment of Alternatives to the Use of Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid, Its Salts, Perfluorooctane Sulfonyl Fluoride and Their Related Chemicals in Open Applications(UNEP/POPS/POPRC.8/INF/17 Rev.1). http://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/POPsReviewCommittee/Meetings/POPRC8/MeetingDocuments/tabid/2801/ctl/Download/mid/9135/Default.aspx?id=31&ObjID=16918
[4] Posner S, Roos S, Poulsen P B, et al. Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances in the Nordic Countries: Use, Occurence and Toxicology. Denmark: Nordic Co-operation, 2013
[5] Needham L L, Grandjean P, Heinzow B, et al. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45(3): 1121
[6] Shoeib M, Harner T, Vlahos P. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40: 7577
[7] Langlois I, Berger U, Zencak Z, et al. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2007, 21: 3547
[8] Wójcik L, Szostek B, Maruszak W, et al. Electrophoresis, 2005, 26: 1080
[9] Knob R, Maier V, Petr J, et al. Electrophoresis, 2012, 33: 2159
[10] Zhang M, Tang F L, Yu Y Y, et al. Chinese Journal of Chromatography (张明, 唐访良, 俞雅雲, 等. 色谱), 2014, 32(5): 472
[11] Zhu S C, Wang J, Shao W W, et al. Chinese Journal of Chromatography (朱赛嫦, 王静, 邵卫伟, 等. 色谱), 2013, 31(1): 15
[12] Zhang P, Shi Y L, Cai Y Q, et al. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry (张萍, 史亚利, 蔡亚岐, 等. 分析化学), 2007, 35(7): 969
[13] Ran X R, Zhang Z X, Zhang Z X. Environmental Chemistry (冉小蓉, 张政祥, 张之旭. 环境化学), 2009, 28(3): 459
[14] Li X, Chen J H, Cheng H Y, et al. Environmental Chemistry (李鑫, 陈军辉, 程红艳, 等. 环境化学), 2012, 31(6): 896
[15] Martin J W, Kannan K, Berger U, et al. Environ Sci Technol, 2004, 38(13): 248A
[16] Leeuwen S P, Karrman A, van Bavel B, et al. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40(24): 7854
[17] Zhang X Z, Sun H W, Wang L, et al. Environmental Chemistry (张宪忠, 孙红文, 汪磊, 等. 环境化学), 2009, 28(6): 944
[18] Wang J M, Pan Y Y, Shi Y L, et al. Scientia Sinica Chimica (王杰明, 潘媛媛, 史亚利, 等. 中国科学: 化学), 2011, 41 (5): 900
[19] US EPA. Provisional Health Advisories for Perfluorooctanaoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctyl Sulfonate (PFOS). (2009-01-15). http://water.epa.gov/action/advisories/drinking/upload/2009_01_15_criteria_drinking_pha-PFOA_PFOS.pdf