Chinese Journal of Chromatography ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 57-65.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.03010
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TAN Xuerong1,*(), ZHAO Bin1, LU Jianwei1, LIU Shaoying2, GOU Weini1, YANG Rong1, ZUO Peng1
Received:
2021-03-16
Online:
2022-01-08
Published:
2021-07-02
Contact:
TAN Xuerong
Supported by:
CLC Number:
TAN Xuerong, ZHAO Bin, LU Jianwei, LIU Shaoying, GOU Weini, YANG Rong, ZUO Peng. Rapid determination of bisphenols in surface water by modified QuEChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2022, 40(1): 57-65.
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URL: https://www.chrom-china.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.03010
Fig. 1 Distribution map of river sampling section This map was made based on the standard map [(2016) 018] downloaded from the standard map service website of Sichuan Bureau of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation. The base map had no modification.
Analyte | Retention time/min | Precursor ion (m/z) | Product ions (m/z) | Declustering potential/V | Collision energies/eV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bisphenol S (BPS) | 1.94 | 249.0 | 108.0*, 155.8 | -80 | -34, -30 |
Bisphenol F (BPF) | 4.10 | 199.0 | 76., 92.6 | -80 | -35, -27 |
Bisphenol A (BPA) | 4.64 | 227.0 | 212.0*, 133.2 | -80 | -25, -36 |
Bisphenol B (BPB) | 4.91 | 241.0 | 210.6*, 147.0 | -90 | -36, -36 |
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) | 5.00 | 335.0 | 264.8*, 68.7 | -110 | -30, -50 |
Bisphenol AP (BPAP) | 5.05 | 289.0 | 273.8*, 194.8 | -95 | -26, -35 |
Bisphenol Z (BPZ) | 5.21 | 267.0 | 172.7*, 144.7 | -110 | -39, -45 |
Bisphenol P (BPP) | 5.62 | 345.0 | 315.0*, 132.8 | -110 | -50, -47 |
Table 1 Retention times and MS/MS parameters for the eight bisphenols (BPs) in MRM mode
Analyte | Retention time/min | Precursor ion (m/z) | Product ions (m/z) | Declustering potential/V | Collision energies/eV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bisphenol S (BPS) | 1.94 | 249.0 | 108.0*, 155.8 | -80 | -34, -30 |
Bisphenol F (BPF) | 4.10 | 199.0 | 76., 92.6 | -80 | -35, -27 |
Bisphenol A (BPA) | 4.64 | 227.0 | 212.0*, 133.2 | -80 | -25, -36 |
Bisphenol B (BPB) | 4.91 | 241.0 | 210.6*, 147.0 | -90 | -36, -36 |
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) | 5.00 | 335.0 | 264.8*, 68.7 | -110 | -30, -50 |
Bisphenol AP (BPAP) | 5.05 | 289.0 | 273.8*, 194.8 | -95 | -26, -35 |
Bisphenol Z (BPZ) | 5.21 | 267.0 | 172.7*, 144.7 | -110 | -39, -45 |
Bisphenol P (BPP) | 5.62 | 345.0 | 315.0*, 132.8 | -110 | -50, -47 |
Fig. 2 Total ion chromatograms of the eight BPs in mixed standard solutions using different chromatographic columns 1. BPS; 2. BPF; 3. BPA; 4. BPB; 5. BPAF; 6. BPAP; 7. BPZ; 8. BPP. Contents: 2.5 ng/mL of BPA, BPZ, BPAP and BPAF, 5.0 ng/mL of BPF, BPP and BPB, and 0.5 ng/mL of BPB; mobile phase: methanol-water; column temperature: 30 ℃.
Fig. 3 Total ion chromatogram of the eight BPs in mixed standard solution 1. BPS; 2. BPF; 3. BPA; 4. BPB; 5. BPAF; 6. BPAP; 7. BPZ; 8. BPP. Contents: 2.5 ng/mL of BPA, BPZ, BPAP and BPAF; 5.0 ng/mL of BPF, BPP and BPB; and 0.5 ng/mL of BPB.
Fig. 5 Effects of different adsorbents on the (a) recovery efficiency (RE), (b) matrix effect (ME) and (c) process efficiency (PE) values of the eight BPs (n=3)
Analyte | Linear range/(ng/mL) | Linear equation | R2 | LOD/(ng/L) | LOQ/(ng/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BPS | 0.05-4.00 | Y=2.11×105 X-6.96×102 | 0.9996 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
BPF | 0.50-40.00 | Y=1.74×104 X-5.06×102 | 0.9997 | 2.3 | 6.1 |
BPA | 0.25-20.00 | Y=5.81×104 X+1.20×102 | 0.9997 | 0.3 | 1.0 |
BPB | 0.50-40.00 | Y=1.46×104 X-2.38×102 | 0.9990 | 1.9 | 5.9 |
BPAF | 0.25-20.00 | Y=7.44×104 X-3.72×10 | 0.9999 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
BPAP | 0.25-20.00 | Y=1.04×105 X-2.95×102 | 0.9999 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
BPZ | 0.25-20.00 | Y=4.41×104 X-1.01×102 | 0.9997 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
BPP | 0.50-40.00 | Y=3.75×104X-5.85×102 | 0.9997 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
Table 2 Linear ranges, linear equations, coefficient of determinations (R2), LODs and LOQs of the eight BPs
Analyte | Linear range/(ng/mL) | Linear equation | R2 | LOD/(ng/L) | LOQ/(ng/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BPS | 0.05-4.00 | Y=2.11×105 X-6.96×102 | 0.9996 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
BPF | 0.50-40.00 | Y=1.74×104 X-5.06×102 | 0.9997 | 2.3 | 6.1 |
BPA | 0.25-20.00 | Y=5.81×104 X+1.20×102 | 0.9997 | 0.3 | 1.0 |
BPB | 0.50-40.00 | Y=1.46×104 X-2.38×102 | 0.9990 | 1.9 | 5.9 |
BPAF | 0.25-20.00 | Y=7.44×104 X-3.72×10 | 0.9999 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
BPAP | 0.25-20.00 | Y=1.04×105 X-2.95×102 | 0.9999 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
BPZ | 0.25-20.00 | Y=4.41×104 X-1.01×102 | 0.9997 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
BPP | 0.50-40.00 | Y=3.75×104X-5.85×102 | 0.9997 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
Analyte | Content/ (ng/L) | Low | Medium | High | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | ||||
BPS | <LOQ | 0.05 | 94.9 | 8.0 | 0.40 | 104.6 | 1.8 | 2.00 | 89.6 | 8.4 | ||
BPF | nd | 0.50 | 112.1 | 3.4 | 4.00 | 84.8 | 9.0 | 20.00 | 99.7 | 4.1 | ||
BPA | 9.5 | 0.25 | 104.0 | 7.2 | 2.00 | 91.0 | 8.2 | 10.00 | 106.9 | 2.9 | ||
BPB | nd | 0.50 | 78.8 | 8.3 | 4.00 | 94.4 | 4.8 | 20.00 | 90.7 | 2.4 | ||
BPAF | nd | 0.25 | 95.0 | 6.1 | 2.00 | 80.0 | 7.2 | 10.00 | 89.0 | 2.6 | ||
BPAP | nd | 0.25 | 116.6 | 2.7 | 2.00 | 84.3 | 7.1 | 10.00 | 98.9 | 2.4 | ||
BPZ | nd | 0.25 | 90.4 | 7.8 | 2.00 | 80.4 | 7.0 | 10.00 | 88.9 | 3.6 | ||
BPP | nd | 0.50 | 98.7 | 4.4 | 4.00 | 80.8 | 6.3 | 20.00 | 92.7 | 4.1 |
Table 3 Spiked recoveries and precisions of the eight BPs (n=6)
Analyte | Content/ (ng/L) | Low | Medium | High | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | Added/ (ng/mL) | Recovery/ % | RSD/ % | ||||
BPS | <LOQ | 0.05 | 94.9 | 8.0 | 0.40 | 104.6 | 1.8 | 2.00 | 89.6 | 8.4 | ||
BPF | nd | 0.50 | 112.1 | 3.4 | 4.00 | 84.8 | 9.0 | 20.00 | 99.7 | 4.1 | ||
BPA | 9.5 | 0.25 | 104.0 | 7.2 | 2.00 | 91.0 | 8.2 | 10.00 | 106.9 | 2.9 | ||
BPB | nd | 0.50 | 78.8 | 8.3 | 4.00 | 94.4 | 4.8 | 20.00 | 90.7 | 2.4 | ||
BPAF | nd | 0.25 | 95.0 | 6.1 | 2.00 | 80.0 | 7.2 | 10.00 | 89.0 | 2.6 | ||
BPAP | nd | 0.25 | 116.6 | 2.7 | 2.00 | 84.3 | 7.1 | 10.00 | 98.9 | 2.4 | ||
BPZ | nd | 0.25 | 90.4 | 7.8 | 2.00 | 80.4 | 7.0 | 10.00 | 88.9 | 3.6 | ||
BPP | nd | 0.50 | 98.7 | 4.4 | 4.00 | 80.8 | 6.3 | 20.00 | 92.7 | 4.1 |
Pretreatment | Detection method | LOQ/(ng/L) | Recovery/% | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HLB SPE column | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.1- | 1.7 | 57- | 97 | [ |
Oasis HLB SPE cartridges | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.04- | 5.26 | 31- | 126 | [ |
MCX Prime SPE cartridges | GC-MS/MS | 10- | 30 | 78- | 106 | [ |
Oasis HLB SPE cartridge and derivatization | GC-MS | 2.04- | 7.67 | 73- | 115 | [ |
Freeze dried under vacuum | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.04- | 3.33 | 75- | 102 | [ |
LLE and precolumn derivatization | UPLC-MS/MS | 5- | 20 | 81- | 119 | [ |
QuEChERS | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.3- | 6.1 | 78.8- | 116.6 | this work |
Table 4 Comparison with other methods of literatures
Pretreatment | Detection method | LOQ/(ng/L) | Recovery/% | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HLB SPE column | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.1- | 1.7 | 57- | 97 | [ |
Oasis HLB SPE cartridges | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.04- | 5.26 | 31- | 126 | [ |
MCX Prime SPE cartridges | GC-MS/MS | 10- | 30 | 78- | 106 | [ |
Oasis HLB SPE cartridge and derivatization | GC-MS | 2.04- | 7.67 | 73- | 115 | [ |
Freeze dried under vacuum | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.04- | 3.33 | 75- | 102 | [ |
LLE and precolumn derivatization | UPLC-MS/MS | 5- | 20 | 81- | 119 | [ |
QuEChERS | UPLC-MS/MS | 0.3- | 6.1 | 78.8- | 116.6 | this work |
Analyte | Bailong River | Jialing River | Nan River | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Median | Range | Mean | Median | Range | Mean | Median | Range | |
BPA | 20.25 | 21.27 | 6.15-35.42 | 28.59 | 31.66 | 13.28-54.43 | 37.80 | 32.96 | 10.15-90.03 |
BPS | 0.54 | 0.44 | nd-1.25 | 1.05 | 0.31 | nd-4.63 | 0.49 | 0.44 | 0.25-1.13 |
BPs | 20.78 | 21.78 | 6.53-36.78 | 29.64 | 32.03 | 13.28-55.40 | 38.30 | 33.40 | 10.78-90.65 |
Table 5 Contents of BPs in the water samples from Bailong River, Jialing River, and Nan River ng/L
Analyte | Bailong River | Jialing River | Nan River | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Median | Range | Mean | Median | Range | Mean | Median | Range | |
BPA | 20.25 | 21.27 | 6.15-35.42 | 28.59 | 31.66 | 13.28-54.43 | 37.80 | 32.96 | 10.15-90.03 |
BPS | 0.54 | 0.44 | nd-1.25 | 1.05 | 0.31 | nd-4.63 | 0.49 | 0.44 | 0.25-1.13 |
BPs | 20.78 | 21.78 | 6.53-36.78 | 29.64 | 32.03 | 13.28-55.40 | 38.30 | 33.40 | 10.78-90.65 |
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